Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin condition that accelerates the life cycle of skin cells, leading to an overproduction of new cells on the surface. This buildup causes red, scaly, and often itchy patches that can appear anywhere on the body—most commonly on the elbows, knees, scalp, and lower back. While psoriasis isn’t contagious, it can be physically uncomfortable and emotionally distressing for those who experience it.
What Causes Psoriasis?
The exact cause of psoriasis remains complex, but it’s primarily linked to immune system dysfunction. Normally, the body’s immune system protects against infections and illnesses. However, in psoriasis, the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells, triggering rapid cell turnover.
Several factors can increase the risk or trigger flare-ups, including:
- Genetics: Having a family history of psoriasis increases the likelihood of developing the condition.
- Stress: Emotional stress is a well-known trigger that can worsen symptoms.
- Cold or Dry Weather: Lack of humidity can dry out the skin and provoke irritation.
- Infections: Certain infections, such as strep throat, can trigger flare-ups.
- Medications: Some medications like beta-blockers or lithium may exacerbate symptoms.
- Lifestyle Factors: Smoking, excessive alcohol use, and obesity are associated with more severe psoriasis.
Common Symptoms of Psoriasis
Psoriasis manifests differently in every individual, but some hallmark symptoms include:
- Thickened, scaly patches of skin (often called plaques)
- Redness and inflammation surrounding affected areas
- Dry or cracked skin that may bleed
- Itching, soreness, or burning sensations
- Changes in nails, such as pitting or discoloration
These symptoms can range from mild to severe, depending on the type of psoriasis and the extent of the affected area.
Types of Psoriasis
There are several forms of psoriasis, each with its own characteristics:
- Plaque Psoriasis: The most common type, appearing as raised, inflamed patches covered with silvery-white scales.
- Guttate Psoriasis: Small, drop-shaped sores often triggered by infections.
- Inverse Psoriasis: Occurs in skin folds such as under the breasts or around the groin.
- Pustular Psoriasis: Characterized by white pustules or blisters filled with pus.
- Erythrodermic Psoriasis: A rare but severe form causing widespread redness and scaling.
Diagnosis and When to Seek Help
If you suspect you have psoriasis, it’s important to visit a dermatology clinic in Houston for a professional evaluation. Dermatologists can typically diagnose psoriasis by examining the skin and may perform a skin biopsy to confirm the type and severity.
Treatment Options
While there’s no cure for psoriasis, effective treatments can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Treatment plans are often personalized based on severity, triggers, and overall health. Options include:
- Topical therapies: Corticosteroids, vitamin D analogs, or moisturizers to reduce inflammation and scaling.
- Phototherapy: Controlled exposure to UV light to slow skin cell production.
- Systemic medications: For moderate to severe cases, oral or injectable medications can help regulate immune response.
- Lifestyle modifications: Managing stress, maintaining hydration, and avoiding triggers can greatly reduce flare-ups.
For those seeking targeted and modern solutions, explore psoriasis treatment in Houston to learn how local dermatology specialists can tailor therapies to your specific needs.
Living with Psoriasis
Psoriasis can impact more than just your skin—it can affect your emotional well-being and confidence. Building a daily skincare routine, following prescribed treatments, and maintaining open communication with your dermatologist are key to long-term management. With the right approach, most patients can achieve significant relief and maintain clearer, healthier skin.
