A fiber optic distribution box, also known as an FDOT box, is a key component in fiber optic network infrastructure. It is an enclosure that houses interconnections between main feeder cables and distribution cables in a structured cabling system. The main functions of a fiber distribution box are to:
- Provide a termination point for backbone and distribution fiber optic cables. The box allows fiber optic connectors to be conveniently accessed and housed securely. Common connector types include SC, LC, and ST connectors. Simplex and duplex connectors are used depending on network design.
- Enable fiber patching, rearrangement, and administration of connectivity. Fiber distribution boxes use adapter panels, which support modular interconnections that can be easily configured as needed. Adapters mate pairs of fiber connectors to enable cable patching and rerouting of fiber links.
- Facilitate fiber optic splicing and termination. Fiber optic splices and connector terminations are delicate processes done inside fiber boxes to ensure protection. Splices permanently join fiber strands, while terminations connectorize the ends of fibers.
- Distribute fiber links to end-users. The distribution cables connected to ports of the fiber distribution box provide connection points inside buildings to connect equipment or wall ports of end users. Cables can be run from box ports directly or through secondary distribution terminals.
- Provide fiber redundancy and segmentation. Fiber boxes allow configuring redundant links and dividing networks into sections to minimize impact of fiber cuts and equipment failure on connectivity.
- Manage slack fiber storage. Fiber slack loops are essential to allow rearrangements – fiber distribution boxes provide effective slack storage to keep extra un-spliced fiber lengths neatly coiled.
Proper fiber distribution box installation and cable management is imperative for optimizing fiber link performance, availability and reliability. Regular inspection and maintenance of boxes reduces network downtime. As networks scale, more distribution points are required – fiber distribution boxes enable modular and flexible expansion.
